Effect of vestibular rehabilitation on balance and gait after stroke: A narrative review

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Faculty of physiotherapy may university

2 Department of physical therapy for neurology, faculty of physical therapy may university

3 Department of physical therapy for neurology, faculty of physical therapy cairo university

Abstract

Background:    Stroke is the third leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, often resulting in impairments in balance, gait, and spatial orientation. These functional limitations are frequently associated with both central and peripheral vestibular dysfunction following stroke. Vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) is one of therapeutic approaches, neglected in neuro rehabilitation. (VRT) aimed to improve balance and gait after stroke. stroke patients always have balance problems and high risk of falling. Purpose:   This review aims to summarize how stroke affects the vestibular system from peripheral to central and to evaluate the role and effectiveness of (VRT) in 
improving balance and gait among stroke patients. Methods:  A narrative literature review was conducted by searching PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases for articles published between 2010 and 2024. The inclusion criteria focused on studies examining vestibular dysfunction in stroke and the application of VRT as a therapeutic intervention. Results:   Vestibular dysfunction was found to occur in strokes involving both anterior and posterior circulation, affecting various components of the vestibular system. Evidence supports the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation in reducing dizziness, improving gait performance, enhancing postural control, and minimizing fall risk in stroke survivors. VRT facilitates recovery through mechanisms such as vestibular adaptation, sensory substitution, and central compensation. Conclusion:  Vestibular rehabilitation is a valuable but often overlooked component of post-stroke neurorehabilitation. Integrating VRT into standard balance training protocols may significantly enhance functional recovery by addressing vestibular-related deficits. Its inclusion should be considered essential for improving overall mobility and independence in stroke patients

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Benha International Journal of Physical Therapy

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 02 August 2025

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